J. E. Saint

                                         [USUALLY CALLED “EX” SAINT.]
               Note: Also mentioned, Emma Saint, sister, who married John Moffitt.
                                                     Winfield, New Mexico.
Kansas 1875 Census, Winfield Township, Cowley County, March 1, 1875.
Name               age sex color          Place/birth Where from
J. E. Saint         29  m     w            Indiana          Illinois
Winfield 1874: J. E. Saint, 30. No spouse listed.
Winfield 1878: J. E. Saint, 33; spouse, Ada, 26.
Winfield 1880: J. E. Saint, 35; spouse, Ada, 28.
                                               FROM THE NEWSPAPERS.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, August 28, 1873.
At a meeting held by the children of Winfield on Wednesday of last week in the Methodist Church it was decided to have a picnic in Mr. Andrews’s grove on Friday Sept. 5th. The following committees were appointed.
To obtain the grove: E. Freeland and Cora Andrews.
To invite Brass Band: Callie Blandin and Nettie Quarles.
To attend to the dinner: Mrs. Tousey, Mrs. Wm. Maris, McClellan, Blandin, McMaster, Hill, Mrs. M. W. Palmer, Miss M. Bryant.
To attend to the refreshments: Messrs. Quarles, Hill, Baldwin, Ellis, Kelly, Allison, Torrance, Freeland, and Newlin.
To arrange seats, stand, etc.: J. Swain, Jas. Hill, Dever, Saint, Ray, and Smiley.
To arrange the swing, croquet, etc.: J. D. Cochran, Spencer Bliss, Mrs. Flint, Miss Mary Stewart, Rev. Lowery, and T. A. Rice.
Committee to see that the trees are not injured in any way: A. T. Shenneman, Sheriff Parker, M. L. Robinson.
On invitation: Mrs. E. P. Hickok, O. Lowry, M. Dever, Laura McMillen.
Chief Marshal: E. P. Hickok.
The children of the town and vicinity will meet in the Methodist church on that morning so as to start for the grove at 9 A.M. Outside districts are cordially invited to come and join with us in enjoying the day. Per order of the committee.
[GRAND MASONIC FESTIVAL.]
Winfield Courier, December 12, 1873.
                                            GRAND MASONIC FESTIVAL!
To be given for the benefit of Adelphi Lodge, A. F. & A. M., at the Courtroom, Winfield, Kansas, Dec. 25th, 1873.
                                                           PROGRAMME.
There will be a public installation of officers of the Lodge at the Baptist church at one o’clock P.M. After the Installation there will be a few short addresses by members of the order.
Dinner will take place at the courtroom at five o’clock P.M.
A cordial invitation is extended to the public.

After dinner a grand ball will be given at the courtroom. Good music will be in attendance. A cordial invitation is extended to the fraternity to be present. Special invitations will be given by the Committee to those not members of the order.
The following is the list of the committees appointed for the occasion.
COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. A. A. Jackson, T. A. Rice, J. E. Saint, W. M. Boyer, L. J. Webb, J. C. Fuller.
COMMITTEE TO PREPARE TABLES. J. F. Newman, James Parker.
SOLICITING COMMITTEE. A. T. Stewart, S. H. Myton, I. Bing, A. T. Shenneman, J. A. Simpson, J. Swain, T. A. Blanchard, R. B. Saffold, John Rhodes; Mrs. Flint, Mrs. McMasters, Mrs. A. H. Green, Mrs. Brotherton, Mrs. Tousey, Mrs. Limbocker; Miss Jennie Stewart, Miss Lowry, W. W. Limbocker.
RECEPTION COMMITTEE. Dr. Graham, M. L. Read, A. Howland, P. Hill, J. P. Short, Mrs. A. A. Jackson, Mrs. P. Hill, Mrs. Robin­son, Miss Ella Quarles, J. L. M. Hill.
TABLE COMMITTEE. A. T. Stewart, J. F. Paul, T. A. Rice, W. M. Boyer, J. E. Saint, J. D. Cochran, J. C. Fuller, John Swain, J. A. Simpson, A. T. Shenneman, A. S. Williams, J. P. Short, Mrs. J. P. Short, Miss Read, Miss Mary Stewart, Mrs. Geo. Oakes, Mrs. J. F. Paul, Mrs. E. Maris, Mrs. J. C. Fuller, Mrs. W. M. Boyer, Mrs. L. R. Paul, Mrs. L. J. Webb, Mrs. J. C. Weathers, Mrs. Newman, Mrs. Howland, Mrs. Hickok, Mrs. W. G. Graham, Mrs. J. D. Cochran, Mrs. C. A. Bliss, Miss Parmelee, Miss Lizzie Graham, Miss Yount.
VOCAL MUSIC COMMITTEE. Mrs. Hickok, Mrs. Brotherton, John Swain, H. Brotherton, Mrs. Green, Miss Newman, Miss Parmelee, Miss Bryant.
TICKET AGENTS. C. A. Bliss, J. Newman, J. C. Weathers.
COMMITTEE ON INVITATION. L. J. Webb, J. F. Paul, T. A. Rice, W. M. Boyer, J. C. Fuller.
FLOOR MANAGERS. A. A. Jackson, L. J. Webb.
Instrumental Music for the Day: J. W. Johnston, J. A. Simpson, J. E. Saint.
Winfield Courier, Friday, December 19, 1873.
The following ladies and gentlemen were appointed as commit­tees to make preparation for the Oyster supper to be given by the Ladies Aid Society of the Presbyterian church on New Year’s eve.
COMMITTEE ON TABLES, STOVE, AND LIGHTS. Mr. O. F. Boyle, H. Silver, Mr. Saint, Mr. Baldwin.
[ADELPHI LODGE NO. 110.]
Winfield Courier, December 3, 1874.
At a stated communication of Adelphi Lodge No. 110, held last Tuesday evening, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year:
Leland J. Webb, W. M.; W. G. Graham, S. W.; J. E. Saint, J. W.; J. C. Fuller, Treas.; M. G. Troup, Sec.; J. Newman, Chaplain; Perry Hill, S. D.; J. D. Cochran, J. D.; I. L. Comfort, Tyler.
[COMPANY “G”]
Winfield Courier, June 24, 1875.
      At the meeting held by Company “G,” last Saturday night, A. T. Shenneman was elected Captain, W. M. Boyer, 1st Lieut.; and J. E. Saint, 1st Sergeant. 2nd Lieut. Webb gave notice of his intention to resign, and Wirt W. Walton was recommended to fill the vacancy.

Winfield Courier, August 12, 1875.
Saint has accomplished the difficult task of driving a two horse team four miles and back without using his hands. Further more, deponent sayeth not.
Winfield Courier, August 12, 1875.
Thanks. To Mr. and Mrs. S. D. Klingman and their fair and accom­plished daughter, Miss Allie, for their kind and generous treat­ment and well appreciated hospitality to their visitors of last Tuesday evening: Will S. Paul, Miss Kate Millington, A. B. Lemmon, Clara L. Flint, Jno. D. Pryor, Jennie Greenlee, O. F. Boyle, Annie Melville, Will C. Robinson, Ella Silvers, J. E. Saint, May Deming, D. Frank Baldwin, Ada Millington, James Simpson, W. W. Walton, and Miss Dollie Morris. They desire to express their sincere thanks. May they live long, enjoy life, and always be as happy as were their visitors of last Tuesday evening, is the wish of their friends enumerated above.
[ANNOUNCEMENT: FRANK GALLOTTI FOR COUNTY TREASURER.]
Winfield Courier, September 16, 1875.
                                   TO THE VOTERS OF COWLEY COUNTY.
This is to certify that we, whose names are hereto sub­scribed, do most heartily recommend for our next County Treasurer, FRANK GALLOTTI, who has for the last year and a half faithfully and satisfactorily performed the duties of said office while acting in the capacity of Deputy; and we do hereby further certify that his character during that time has been such as to fully entitle him to the recommendation. The records of said office kept by him, bears ample testimony of his capability and efficiency. We consider him well qualified to fulfill the duties of said office, and therefore cheerfully recommend him to the voters of Cowley County as well worth of their cordial support, and who, if elected, will most faithfully and systematically perform the duties of said office.
J. E. Saint was one of those who signed recommendation for Gallotti.
[MARRIED: ALLEN B. LEMMON TO CLARA M. FLINT.]
Winfield Courier, November 25, 1875.
MARRIED.
LEMMON - FLINT. At the residence of the bride’s father, D. A. Millington, on Wednesday evening, the 24th inst., by Rev. J. E. Platter, Allen B. Lemmon to Clara M. Flint, all of this city. Attendants: Mr. J. Ex Saint and Miss Ada Millington.
A pleasant little party assembled in the home of our Mayor last evening, to witness the nuptials of the happy pair. The groom, Prof. Lemmon, Principal of our Winfield city schools, though having been with us but a short time, is well known and highly respected by the entire community. Of the fair bride we need say nothing. She is one of the few noble women “whom to know is to love.”
Her friends resign her to the care of one who has promised to “love, cherish, and protect” her through all the trials of coming years. The union is indeed a happy one. May peace, prosperity, and unalloyed happiness attend them through life, is the wish of the writer and their many friends.
Topeka, Fort Scott, and Independence papers please copy.
Winfield Courier, December 9, 1875.

Several of the boys had to hunt a new boarding-house last Monday. Ex Saint and John Pryor were among the number.
Winfield Courier, December 23, 1875.
Last Tuesday evening the following officers were installed by Adelphi Lodge, No. 110, A. F. & A. M. J. S. Hunt: W. M.; J. E. Saint: S. W.; A. B. Lemmon: J. W.; B. F. Baldwin: Treasurer; Frank Gallotti: Secretary; J. H. Land: Chaplain; L. J. Webb: S. D.; C. C. Black: J. D.; W. W. Steinhour: Tyler.
Judging from the list of new officers we should say that Adelphi is in pretty good running order, and likely to be kept so.
Winfield Courier, December 30, 1875.
Some very laughable things occurred at the Christmas tree. First was the children’s voting Mr. Platter out of his speech and then, when Ed. Holloway was presented with a baby and cradle; Baldwin, Pryor & Co. with a jug of “Grange bitters;” and lastly, when Saint received the jumping jack and six babies on a string, three white and three black ones.
THE WINFIELD COURIER CENTENNIAL ISSUE.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, January 6, 1876.
MASONIC.
On the 29th day of October, 1870, a dispensation was granted to J. S. Hunt, A. H. Green, Enoch Maris, and eight others for a lodge at Winfield. J. S. Hunt was appointed W. M.; A. H. Green, S. W.; and Enoch Maris, J. W. On the 17th day of October, 1872, the lodge obtained a charter under the name of Adelphi, No. 119, with the following charter members: J. S. Hunt, A. H. Green, Enoch Maris, C. A. Bliss, A. A. Jackson, W. M. Boyer, H. Shaughness, I. L. Comfort, E. Adams, Thomas Hart, W. S. Huff, S. H. Revis, T. A. Rice, and J. Traxler.
The same officers were installed under the charter and held their offices until Jan. 1st, 1873, when Enoch Maris was elected W. M.; W. M. Boyer, S. W.; and T. A. Rice, J. W.
January 1st, 1874, Enoch Maris was re-elected W. M.; T. A. Rice, S. W.; and W. G. Graham, S. W.
January 1st, 1875, L. J. Webb was elected W. M.; W. G. Graham, S. W.; and J. E. Saint, J. W.
For the present year J. S. Hunt was elected W. M.; J. E. Saint, S. W.; and A. B. Lemmon, J. W.
The lodge now has forty-six members and is in a healthy condition morally and financially.
About one year after the organization of Adelphi, a dispen­sation was granted to the craft at Arkansas City, and in due time they received a charter under the name of Crescent Lodge, No. 133, with O. C. Smith, W. M.; E. B. Kager, S. W. Dexter Lodge is spoken of elsewhere.
On the 15th of March, 1875, a dispensation was granted M. L. Read, H. P.; M. C. Baker, K.; John D. Pryor, Scribe; W. C. Robinson, C. H.; A. Howland, P. S.; W. G. Graham, R. A. C.; J. W. Johnston, M. 3rd V.; P. Hill, M. 1st V.; A. A. Newman, member. October 19th, a charter was issued to them under the name Winfield Chapter, R. A. M., No. 31; and on the 26th of the same month the Chapter was instituted by J. C. Bennett, of Emporia. A list of the officers for this year was published last week. This branch of Masonry here is in good working order and in a healthy condition financially.

Winfield Courier, January 6, 1876.
At their regular meeting last Friday night, No. 282 of the A. G. J. S. Bazique, elected the following officers for the ensuing year: J. D. Pryor, King; James Simpson, Grand Khedive; F. Gallotti, Sir Scribe; J. Ex Saint, G. Master C.; W. W. Walton, G. Commander; B. F. Baldwin, G. Generalissimo. After which work was done in the Marquis degree and brother W. C. Robinson made Knight of the Red Hand. Refreshments were taken at the St. Nicholas.
[COURIER PATRONS.]
Winfield Courier, January 6, 1876.
BLISS, C. A. & Co., of which C. A. is “which,” is made up chiefly of those western elements, called faith, pluck, and grit—the greatest of which is “grit.” The elements he has had to contend with would have sunk an ordinary businessman, but he still swims. At the time he built, his was the largest store in the county, the finest residence in the county, and his mill, of which we are all so proud, is one of the best in the state. He furnishes employment for a dozen hands—is always improving and enhancing the value of his property, thereby adding much to the material wealth of our city. He has done more toward building up the town of his adoption than any one man in it. Success to C. A. Bliss, his salesman, J. Ex Saint, and all the boys connected therewith.
Winfield Courier, June 15, 1876.
THE CALITHUMPIAN committee, for the 4th, is J. D. Pryor, W. W. Walton, J. L. M. Hill, J. P. Short, F. C. Hunt, and J. E. Saint.
Winfield Courier, June 15, 1876.
J. EX. SAINT has been promoted from salesman at Bliss’ store to miller-in-chief of the Winfield City Mills. Though naturally poetic, the change makes him unusually flour-y, at times. He says a man that can talk nice to the ladies, draw a quart of kerosene, measure a yard of silk, and tie up a package of cod-fish, all at the same time, must be endowed with more patience than falls to the lot of an ordinary Saint. He’d rather be two millers than one clerk.
Winfield Courier, June 29, 1876.
Saint John’s Day. In company with J. Ex. Saint, we drove over to Wellington last Saturday and attended the “Masonic Fourth of July,” or the anniversary of St. John’s Day. The celebration was held in a beautiful grove, about a mile south of town, to which the Wel­lington Masonry, accompanied by visiting brethren, marched in regalia from their lodge. Arriving at the grove Judge M. S. Adams, of Wichita, was introduced as the orator of the day. He came forward and delivered a fine oration, giving in detail the history of the time-honored institution of which he is a worthy member. His speech was well received. After the oration, which lasted about an hour, the brethren, sisters, and everybody else were called from—speeches to refreshment—a call that was gladly responded to by the hungry multitude. Dinner being over, order was once more restored, whereupon the Master introduced our fellow townsman, L. J. Webb, who delivered an address well worth listening to. It was a brilliant and succinct history of the rise and progress of the mysterious brotherhood, and contained many useful and valuable lessons. The address closed the public exercises. The members repaired to the lodge, where Winfield was again honored by having three of our shining lights chosen to conduct in due form the closing proceedings of the day.

The persons in attendance from Winfield were W. P. Hackney and wife, Judge McDonald and wife, Prof. Lemmon and wife, L. J. Webb and wife, J. Ex. Saint, and the writer hereof. A part of our delegation remained and took part in the “light fantastic toe” performance, which began at the courthouse at “early candle light” and was kept up till the near appearance of Sunday. Everybody seemed gay and happy, in spite of the thunder storm, which was raging without, and all went home well pleased.
Cowley County Democrat, Winfield, Kansas, Thursday, July 13, 1876.
HISTORY OF COWLEY COUNTY.
Read at the Centennial Celebration, July 4th, 1876, at Winfield, Kansas.
BY WIRT W. WALTON.
A. F. AND A. M.
On the 20th day of October, 1870, a dispensation was granted to J. S. Hunt, A. H. Green, Enoch Maris, and eight others, for a lodge at Winfield. J. S. Hunt was appointed W. M.; A. H. Green, S. W., and Enoch Maris J. W. On the 17th day of October, 1872, the lodge obtained a charter under the name of Adelphi, No. 110, with the following charter members: J. S. Hunt, A. H. Green, Enoch Maris, C. A. Bliss, A. A. Jackson, W. M. Boyer, H. Shaughness, I. L. Comfort, E. Adams, Thomas Hart, W. S. Huff, S. H. Revis, T. A. Rice, and J. Traxler. The same officers were installed under the charter and held their offices until January 1, 1873, when Enoch Maris was elected W. M.; W. M. Boyer, S. W., and T. A. Rice, J. W. On January 1, 1874, Enoch Maris was re-elected W. M.; T. A. Rice, S. W.; and W. G. Graham, J. W. On January 1, 1875, L. J. Webb was elected W. M.; W. G. Graham, S. W.; and J. E. Saint, J. W. For the present year J. S. Hunt was elected W. M.; J. E. Saint, S. W.; and A. B. Lemmon, J. W. The lodge now has 50 members and is in a healthy condition, morally and financially.
Miss Emma Saint, sister...
Winfield Courier, August 3, 1876.
At the meeting of the Winfield school board last Saturday, it was decided to employ Miss Mollie Bryant to teach the primary and Miss Saint the intermediate department, for the ensuing term.
Winfield Courier, August 10, 1876.
The Republican Caucus. Last Saturday the Republicans of Winfield Township met in caucus at the courthouse, at 4 o’clock p.m., and elected the following delegates to the county convention, to be held next Saturday in Winfield.
R. L. Walker, A. B. Lemmon, News. Newell, T. B. Myers, C. C. Pierce, M. G. Troup, E. P. Kinne, James Kelly, E. S. Torrance, and John Mentch were elected delegates, and W. M. Boyer, T. L. King, John Weakley, S. D. Klingman, S. Johnson, H. L. Barker, G. W. Robertson, J. E. Saint, John C. Roberts, and A. Howland, alternates.
The vote stood 91 for the ticket elected and 9 for the ticket that was defeated. It is an able delegation and was very enthusiastically supported.
[REPUBLICAN COWLEY COUNTY CONVENTION.]
Winfield Courier, August 17, 1876. Editorial Page.

COUNTY CONVENTION. The Republican county convention convened at the Courthouse, in Winfield, on Saturday, August 12th, at 1 o’clock p.m., and was called to order by A. B. Lemmon, chairman of the Republican county central committee. R. C. Story was elected temporary chairman and James Kelly secretary. A committee on credentials was appointed, consisting of Messrs. E. S. Torrance, J. W. Tull, A. B. Odell, T. R. Bryan, and S. M. Jarvis. The committee reported the following persons as having been duly elected as delegates and alternates to the convention.
Winfield: Delegates, R. L. Walker, A. B. Lemmon, News. Newell, T. B. Myers, C. C. Pierce, M. G. Troup, E. P. Kinne, Jno. Mentch, James Kelly, and E. S. Torrance. Alternates, W. M. Boyer, T. L. King, Jno. Weakley, S. D. Klingman, S. Johnson, H. L. Barker, G. W. Robertson, J. E. Saint, John C. Roberts, and A. Howland. E. S. TORRANCE, Chairman.
A. B. ODELL, Secretary.
Miss Emma Saint, sister...
Winfield Courier, September 7, 1876.
MISS EMMA SAINT, sister of our whilom friend, J. Ex., has recently arrived from Illinois. She has been engaged to teach the intermediate department of the Winfield schools.
Winfield Courier, September 7, 1876.
Normal School.
The following are the names of teachers attending the Normal School at this place.
From Winfield: Wm. J. McClellan; J. K. Beckner; Rachel Nawman; Kate Gilleland; Maggie Stansberry; Sallie E. Rea; M. J. Huff; C. A. Winslow; Amy Robertson; Mary E. Lynn; Lusetta Pyburn; Mrs. Bell Seibert; Nannie McGee; Sarah E. Davis; O. S. Record; Byron A. Fouch; Mary A. Bryant; Mina C. Johnson; Mattie Roberts; Emma Saint.
[MARRIED.]
Winfield Courier, October 5, 1876.
MARRIED. SAINT - MILLINGTON. On Wednesday evening, October 4th, at the residence of the bride’s father, by Rev. J. E. Platter, Mr. J. Ex. Saint and Miss Ada Millington. All of this city.
No cards.
At an early hour last evening a few intimate “friends of the family” assembled at the home of our Mayor to witness the nup­tials of the happy pair and to see the unusual and unprecedented ceremonies attendant upon canonizing one of Winfield’s loveliest daughters, thereby placing her in the catalogue of Saints. It might be presumptive in us to say that nee Ada Millington has been the “guardian angel” of the family in which she has lived for a score of years, but we will be forgiven the prediction that she will become the “patron Saint” of the house in which she will henceforth abide. After the ceremonies the company repaired to the dining room and partook of a supper, such as only a Presbyte­rian minister, and occasionally an editor, is permitted to enjoy. The evening passed off pleasantly and the happy party, after expressing the wish that the lives of “the twain made one” would always be as roseate hued as their honey-moon, bade them a respectful good night and repaired to their homes thinking that “it was good to have been there.”
Winfield Courier, October 5, 1876.
The Winfield Bazique club is scarcely able to raise a quorum. Simpson, Boyle, and Holloway, “the three graces,” left us, and now we have to chronicle the departure of another impor­tant officer, whose name entitled him to all the privileges of a Saint.

Winfield Courier, October 5, 1876.
After the “office boys” had succeeded in sausaging that immense plate of wedding cake the Mayor brought over, one of them was heard to remark that he wished that a wedding would occur every week, until all the girls in town became angels or Saints. The boys wish the newly married couple a long and prosperous life.
Emma Saint...
Winfield Courier, October 5, 1876.
The following is a list of the teachers attending the Normal Institute, who secured certificates at the examination: Second grade certificates being valid six months, first grade one year, “A” grade two years.
Miss Emma Saint was on the list to teach Second Grade.
Winfield Courier, October 26, 1876.
Miss Saint’s department of the city school now numbers sixty-five scholars.
Winfield Courier, December 21, 1876.
And now comes C. A. Bliss & Co., proprietors of the Winfield City Mills, saying that the old reliable Stone Mill will turn out more pounds and better flour from a bushel of wheat than any mill in Southern Kansas. J. Ex Saint is not only a “jolly miller,” but also an honest, competent one and the City Mill is “whooping things up” day and night under his supervision.
Winfield Courier, December 28, 1876.
ADELPHI Lodge, No. 110, of A. F. and A. M.’s of this city, elected the following officers for the ensuing year: Dr. Graham, W. M.; Ex Saint, S. W.; M. G. Troup, J. W.; Frank Baldwin, Treas.; and James Kelly, Secretary. The following appointments were then made: C. C. Black, S. D.; J. C. Roberts, J. D.; Jas. Simpson, S. S.; N. C. McCulloch, J. S.; Wirt W. Walton, Tyler.
Winfield Courier, March 8, 1877.
Programme Of the Philomatic Society for Friday evening, March 9th, 1877.
 6.  Weekly Paper, by Misses Emma Saint and Jessie Millington.
Winfield Courier, March 22, 1877.
The following were the officers elected at the Philomatic society on last Friday evening, for the ensuing term: C. M. Wood, President; M. G. Troup, Vice President; Miss Emma Saint, Secretary; J. M. Bair, Treasurer; W. M. Allison, J. E. Platter, and T. A. Wilkinson, Committee on Programme.
[PHILOMATIC SOCIETY OF WINFIELD.]
Winfield Courier, March 22, 1877.
Programme of the Philomatic Society for Friday evening, March 23rd, 1877.
All are invited. C. M. WOOD, President. EMMA SAINT, Secretary.
Winfield Courier, March 29, 1877.
Programme of the Philomatic Society for Friday evening, March 30th, 1877.
C. M. WOOD, President. EMMA SAINT, Secretary.
Mary Lynn Emma Saint, full name of Saint’s sister...
Arkansas City Traveler, April 3, 1877.

The following teachers received certificates at the examina­tion at Winfield, Friday and Saturday, March 23rd and 24th.
Misses Emma Burden, Sallie Leavering, Sarah E. Davis, Jennie Hane, Ioa Roberts, Arvilla Elliott, Mattie Minnihan, Alice Pyburn, Mary Lynn Emma Saint, Mary Tucker, Effie Randall, Dora Winslow; Mrs. M. S. Tucker, Mrs. A. R. Houser, Mrs. Adelia Baird; and Mr. S. J. Hockett.
Winfield Courier, April 5, 1877.
The following persons were made legal teachers by the Board of Examiners for Cowley County, on Monday, March 26th, 1877. Those receiving first grade certificates had an average of at least 85 percent, and those receiving second grade certificates, an average standing of at least 70 percent, as shown by their papers upon the questions for examination, submitted the 23rd and 24th of March.
Second Grade: M. E. Saint.
Winfield Courier, April 12, 1877.
Programme of the Philomatic Society for Friday evening, April 13, 1877.
C. M. WOOD, President. EMMA SAINT, Secretary.
[TEACHER CERTIFICATES.]
Arkansas City Traveler, May 9, 1877.
The following parties received certificates at the examina­tion held in Winfield on the fourth and fifth instant.
First Grade: Miss Lena Bartlett, Miss M. E. Saint, Winfield; Mr. W. E. Ketcham, Maple City.
Winfield Courier, May 10, 1877.
At the examination held here on the 4th and 5th inst., certificates were issued to the following parties.
First Grade: Lena Bartlett, M. E. Saint, W. E. Ketcham.
Winfield Courier, June 21, 1877.
The concert reading by Miss Saint’s fourth reader class at the closing exercises of the Winfield schools was considered by far the best exercise of the afternoon, by audience. Owing to our carelessness we did not mention it in the notice which was given last week.
Winfield Courier, June 28, 1877.
As usual, on last Tuesday evening the Belles of the Kitchen met at the residence of Dr. Black. After being in attendance about an hour and attending to the usual routine of business, the members proceeded to have a general good time. The room which they occupied being small, their hostess suggested opening the folding doors, which would give them free access to two rooms.

The doors were immediately thrown open, and the Belles were surprised, startled, almost frightened upon beholding, seated upon chairs and sofas and standing in the corners, about a dozen young men, who had been invited the day previous, by Miss Emma Saint, one of the members of the club, for the purpose of converting into a social the society meeting, of which the constitution and by-laws altogether exclude the presence of young gentlemen. The ladies soon became reconciled however, and a general good time ensued. At half past nine o’clock refreshments were passed, which consisted of ice cream, lemonade, cakes, and candies in abundance. After partaking freely of the refreshments and another hour spent in enjoyment, the party dispersed. Though it was a willful violation of the constitution and by-laws of the B. O. T. K. club, each and every lady was escorted to their homes by a young gentleman.
[TEACHERS ATTENDING COWLEY COUNTY NORMAL.]
Arkansas City Traveler, August 15, 1877.
The following are the teachers attending the Cowley County Normal.
Winfield. Misses Ella C. Davis, Mary Pontious, Fannie Pontious, Mina C. Johnson, Alice Pyburn, Lusetta Pyburn, Mattie E. Minnihan, Lissie Summers, Mattie E. Walters, Rachel E. Nauman, Allie Klingman, Alice A. Aldrich, Genie Holmes, Ella E. Scott, Ella Hunt, Ella Wickersham, Emma Saint, Molly Bryant, Ella Freeland, Maggie Stansbury, Amy Robertson, Lizzie Kinne, Sarah Hodges, Jennie Hane, Sallie Leavering, Effie Randall, Sarah E. Davis, Ina Daniels; Messrs. O. S. Record, Frank Starwalt, M. H. Markcum, J. D. Hunt, J. A. Rupp, C. C. Holland, J. B. Freeland, N. N. Winton, A. B. Taylor.
A daughter is born to J. E. Saint and wife...
Winfield Courier, September 6, 1877.
BIRTH. FACTS VS. THEOLOGY. The good orthodox dogma, that all are born sinners, was refuted in this city on Monday morning by the fact that a girl, weighing nine pounds, was born a Saint. If proof is wanted, J. Ex. will testify.
Emma Saint...
[TEACHER’S CERTIFICATES.]
Arkansas City Traveler, September 12, 1877.
The following persons were qualified to teach in Cowley County at the last examination.
WINFIELD.
GRADE “A”: Misses Mina Johnson, Alice Aldrich, Emma Saint, Sarah Hodges.
Winfield Courier, September 13, 1877.
The Winfield schools commence on Monday next, September 17th. The first and second grade classes will occupy the schoolhouse, the third and fourth grades the basement of the new Presbyterian church. Teachers: Prof. Geo. W. Robinson, Miss Emma Saint, Miss Ella Wickersham, and Miss Mollie Bryant.
Winfield Courier, October 4, 1877.
The Winfield schools are doing good work. In attendance, first grade scholars, 49; Prof. Geo. W. Robinson, principal. Second grade, 44; Miss Emma Saint, assistant. Third grade, 40; Miss F. Wickersham, teacher. Fourth grade, 77; Miss M. Bryant, teacher. Total attendance: 210.
Winfield Courier, October 11, 1877.
Programme of the Philomatic Society to be held at the Courthouse in Winfield, Friday evening, October 12th, 1877.
C. M. WOOD, President. EMMA SAINT, Secretary.
J. Ex. Saint and lady...
Winfield Courier, October 18, 1877.
J. Ex. Saint and lady, James Kelly and lady, and L. J. Webb have gone to Topeka to attend the Masonic Grand Lodge, or the horse fair, or to visit their friends, we forget which. Hope A. B. will keep them out of mischief.

Winfield Courier, November 1, 1877.
Teachers’ Directory. Miss Emma Saint, Dist. No. 1, Winfield.
Winfield Courier, December 27, 1877.
Miss Emma Saint, teacher of the intermediate department of our city schools, is much pleased with the progress and deportment of her pupils the past term. She mentions Misses Edith Kennedy, Leota Gerry, and Minnie Stewart, and Masters Willie Bryan, Alva Graham, and Berkey Bartlett especially worthy of praise.
Winfield Courier, December 27, 1877.
School Entertainment. On Thursday evening last, one of the largest audiences we have witnessed in this town was entertained in a most enjoyable manner at the M. E. Church by the pupils of our city schools. The entertainment was under the management of Prof. George W. Robinson, assisted by Misses Saint, Wickersham, and Bryant. At an early hour every available seat in the church was occupied by some friend of the school, eagerly waiting for the commencement of the exercises. At about quarter after 7 o’clock the programme was commenced by a piece of music entitled “Home of Rest,” very beautifully rendered by Misses Dever, Hane, Lowry, and Newman. We have not time nor space to make minute mention of each part of the exercises, but will make the sweeping statement that every part was excellent and merited great praise, and will let it suffice by mentioning more particularly a few which greatly impressed us. We considered the concert reading by the Fifth reader class of Miss Emma Saint’s department the best exercise of the evening, in that it showed better than anything else the progress which the pupils are making. It showed great labor and training on the part of the teacher as well as the pupils. The recitation of the “Bridal Wine Cup,” by Miss Lizzie Kinne, was very affecting, and left a deep impression on the minds of the listeners. The “Old Bachelor,” by one of the little boys, tugged hard at the heart-strings of many present. The recitation, “Tom’s Come Home,” by Miss Haidee Tresize, was very affecting. “The Three Lovers,” as read by Miss Inez Daniels, was excellent, and we hope the moral contained therein may be heeded by the young men of our flourishing town. Taken as a whole, the entertainment was a grand success. Great credit is due to our teachers for the manner in which the whole matter was conducted.
Winfield Courier, January 17, 1878.        
TEACHERS’ DIRECTORY.
DISTRICT NO. 1, Winfield: Geo. W. Robinson; Miss Emma Saint; Miss Ella Wickersham, Miss Mary Bryant.
Winfield Courier, March 21, 1878.

Winfield Schools. Our public schools are to close tomorrow for a vacation of one week. The work of the term has been satisfactory to teachers, students, and patrons. We spent a part of last Tuesday visiting the different rooms and were pleased with the interest and attention manifest in all of them. Mr. Robinson and his assistants deserve and receive the hearty support of the people of our city. The only hindrance to the complete success of schools is their overcrowded condition. During the term just closing, Prof. Robinson has had an enrollment of 54; Miss Saint, 72; Miss Wickersham, 78; Miss Bryant, 114; and Miss Johnson, about 30. It is a mistake to crowd 360 students into five school rooms. Steps should be taken at once to secure additional school accommodations before the opening of the next school year. Now is the time to attend to this matter. The schools now occupy two rooms in the schoolhouse and two rooms in the basement of the Presbyterian Church. These rooms are now far from sufficient. Two additional rooms are needed. The main building of our schoolhouse should be erected this summer. We have no school bond indebtedness, the last bond is being paid; building material and work is cheap; the state permanent school fund is so flush of money that it has taken seven percent bonds at par. It is estimated that $7,000 will build a main building of four large rooms and remodel the old so as to make the whole one of the most beautiful structures in the state. Who will move in the matter.
J. Ex. Saint: new residence...
Winfield Courier, April 18, 1878.
J. Ex. Saint has his new residence nearly completed.
Emma Saint...
Winfield Courier, April 18, 1878.
The present term of school opened with the following enrollment: Miss Mina Johnson’s room, 20; Miss Mary Bryant’s, 90; Miss Ella Wickersham’s, 70; Miss Emma Saint, 67; Prof. George Robinson’s, 42; in all 289.
Winfield Courier, April 18, 1878.
COWLEY COUNTY TEACHERS.
GRADE A.
Winfield: Geo. W. Robinson; Ella Wickersham, Mary Bryant, Emma Saint, Mina Johnson, Alice A. Aldrich.
J. Ex. Saint...
Winfield Courier, May 9, 1878.
Mr. Saint will move into his new house this week.
Emma Saint...
Winfield Courier, June 27, 1878.
Miss Emma Saint commenced a private primary school in the basement of the Presbyterian Church on last Monday, which she proposes to continue for several weeks.
J. Ex. Saint...
Winfield Courier, August 15, 1878.
J. Ex. Saint, Fred Hunt, Ed. Holloway, and Will Holloway left Monday morning for a trip to Harper County.
Winfield Courier, August 22, 1878.
J. Ex Saint, Fred Hunt, J. F. Holloway, and Ed. Holloway have returned from Harper County. They recount various adventures: an account of which may appear next week.
Winfield Courier, August 29, 1878.
Mr. T. J. Miller, of Rantoul, Illinois, is visiting his brother and sister-in-law, J. Ex. and Emma Saint, in this city. He is looking up a location and will settle in this county if he can purchase to suit.
Emma Saint...
Winfield Courier, September 5, 1878. School Items on Back Page.
COURSE OF STUDY. WINFIELD PUBLIC SCHOOL,
WINFIELD, COWLEY COUNTY, KANSAS. BY GEO. W. ROBINSON, PRINCIPAL.

SCHOOL BOARD. James E. Platter: Director; E. P. Kinne: Treasurer; John D. Pryor: Clerk.
DEPARTMENT TEACHERS.
Miss Sarah E. Aldrich, Grammar School.
Miss Emma Saint, Second Intermediate.
Miss Sarah Hodges, First Intermediate.
Miss Allie Klingman, Second Primary.
Miss Mary A. Bryant, First Primary.
Fall term commences Sept. 9, and closes Dec. 24.
Winter term commences Jan. 2, and closes March 21.
Spring term commences March 3rd, and closes May 30.
Skipped the rest. Showed courses of study in first and second primary; first and second intermediate; grammar school, and high school. Also rules and regulations of the Winfield Public School.
Winfield Courier, October 3, 1878.
DIED. At his home in Rantoul, Illinois, of erysipelas, Mr. Thomas Miller. Mr. Miller was a brother-in-law of J. Ex. and Emma Saint, was here but a few weeks since and went home intending to return in the spring and make Winfield his home.
Winfield Courier, October 10, 1878. Back Page.
EDUCATIONAL. BY R. C. STORY. TEACHERS’ DIRECTORY.
District No. 1, Winfield: Geo. W. Robinson, Emma Saint, Sarah Aldrich, Sarah Hodges, Mary Bryant, Allie Klingman, Ioa Roberts. District No. 48, Winfield: Alice Aldrich. District No. 43, Winfield: Mattie Minnihan. District No. 13, Winfield, Mina Johnson. District No. 9, Winfield, Celina Bliss. District No. 106, Winfield, Mrs. Alice Bullock. District No. 41, Winfield, H. G. Blount. District No. 12, Winfield, John Bower. District No. 77, Winfield, R. A. O’Neill. District No. 21, Winfield, A. B. Taylor. District No. 2, Arkansas City: C. H. Sylvester and Mrs. L. M. Theaker. District No. 20, Floral, G. B. Richmond. District No. 45, Tisdale, E. A. Miller. District No. 47, Tisdale, S. A. Smith. District No. 20, Moscow, R. B. Hunter. District No. 26, Little Dutch, T. J. Floyd. District No. 52, New Salem, Ella Davis. District No. 39, New Salem, Sarah Bovee. District No. 14, Lazette, Mary A. Tucker. District No. 15, Lazette, H. T. Albert. District No. 95, Lazette, Emma Burden. District No. 5, Dexter, H. Trevett. District No. 7, Dexter, R. C. Maurer. District No. 84, Cedar Vale, H. P. Attwater.
[WINFIELD PUBLIC SCHOOLS.]
Winfield Courier, November 21, 1878.
The following are the names of the scholars in the Second Intermediate Department of the Public Schools in this city who have been perfect, both in their lessons and deportment: Pearl Van Doren, Cora Finch, Ella Trezise, Emma Rodgers, Mary Kingsbury, Noah Davis, George Heisinger, Eddie Kelley, Paris Hittle, Jerome Vandeventer, and Jay Bryan.
EMMA SAINT, Teacher.
J. E. Saint...
[ADELPHI LODGE, NO. 110, A. F. A. M.]
Winfield Courier, December 26, 1878.

At the annual election, on the 17th inst., Adelphi Lodge, No. 110, A. F. A. M., selected the following officers for the ensuing year.
C. C. Black, W. M., W. C. Robinson, S. W., H. Brotherton, J. W., B. F. Baldwin, Treas., R. C. Story, Sec., J. E. Saint, S. D., P. Hill, J. D., M. L. Read, C., John C. Roberts, S. S., W. D. Byers, J. S., S. E. Burger, T.
The installation will take place Friday evening of this week. All members of the Order are invited to be present.
J. Ex Saint...
Winfield Courier, Thursday, January 2, 1879.
The following is a list of new buildings erected in the city of Winfield since January 1, 1878, with the name of owner and cost of building.
J. Ex Saint, residence, frame: $700.
Emma Saint...
Winfield Courier, January 30, 1879.
TEACHERS’ DIRECTORY.
District No. 1: WINFIELD.
Geo. W. Robinson, Emma Saint, Sarah Aldrich, Sarah Hodges, Mary Bryant, Allie Klingman, Ioa Roberts.
Winfield Courier, February 27, 1879.
Miss Emma Saint entertained about seventy of her friends on Friday evening, Feb. 14th, at her boarding place on the corner of Eleventh and Millington streets. Miss Saint, as a hostess, is a success, and made the evening a thoroughly enjoyable one for those who were so fortunate as to be present.
Emma Saint marries John Moffitt at home of her brother...
Winfield Courier, April 3, 1879.
Married, on Tuesday evening, April 1, at the residence of J. E. Saint, Winfield, by Rev. J. E. Platter, Mr. John Moffitt and Miss Emma Saint. It is a sad commentary on the tendencies of the times that Saints backslide and go the way of common sinners, but we have bright hopes that the parties to this transaction have entered upon a state of bliss to be as enduring as life and not unworthy of a saint. So mote it be.
[MARRIAGE LICENSES.]
Winfield Courier, April 10, 1879.
Jno. Moffitt - Emma Saint.
Second child: J. E. Saint...
Winfield Courier, June 5, 1879.
Birth. Winfield has another Saint. It isn’t a “patron Saint” or an “ex-Saint,” but is a handsome little girl baby Saint, and tips the beam at 9 pounds.
J. E. Saint...
[REPUBLICAN COUNTY CONVENTION.]
Winfield Courier, September 11, 1879.
The Cowley County Republican convention met on Saturday, Sept. 6th, at 11 o’clock a.m., at Manning’s Hall, in Winfield.
Committee on credentials reported the following named delegates entitled to vote in this convention; which report was adopted.

Winfield City: D. C. Beach, H. Brotherton, C. Trump, D. L. Kretsinger, Archie Stewart, W. A. Johnson, C. Coldwell, J. E. Saint, D. Long.
The committee on permanent organization and order of busi­ness reported.
For Chairman: S. M. Fall, of Windsor.
For Secretary: H. C. Irwin, of Sheridan.
Order of nomination:
Sheriff, Treasurer, County Clerk, Register of Deeds, Surveyor, Coroner.
The voting to be viva voce.
The delegation from each township to name a member of the county central committee, and the committee thus formed to organize on the adjournment of the convention.
The delegates from the 2nd commissioner district to meet after adjournment and nominate a candidate for commissioner.
The report was amended so as to make the voting by ballot, and was adopted.
J. E. Saint was chosen assistant secretary.
Seth Chase and A. A. Wiley were appointed tellers.
J. Ex. Saint travels to New Mexico for Harter & Horning to get buyers for Winfield flour and feed...
Winfield Courier, November 20, 1879.
Last Sunday Mr. Ex. Saint. started for New Mexico in the interest of Harter & Horning, and will place Winfield flour and feed on the western market. Harter & Horning are enterprising men, and if the people of New Mexico must be fed by Kansas, they propose to have a hand in the matter.
Winfield Courier, December 11, 1879.
Last Saturday evening Mr. Ex Saint returned from his western trip, where he has been in the interest of Harter & Horning. While absent he sold over eighteen car loads of flour and refused orders for twenty cars which the mill was unable to furnish. He brings back glowing reports of Las Vegas and New Mexico in general.
Editor D. A. Millington makes trip: joined by son-in-law, J. E. Saint at Trinidad, who goes with him on the rest of the trip...
[EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE: FROM MILLINGTON.]
Winfield Courier, February 19, 1880.
We left La Junta at noon of the 8th, on an accommodation train made up of freight and railroad iron and two passenger cars. As yet no regular passenger trains have been put upon the road southwest from La Junta. TALKS ABOUT MAKING GOOD TIME THROUGH MOUNTAINS...Bald mountains, Sangre de Christo Peaks, Spanish Peaks. Before dark we passed El Moro, the terminus of one branch of the Denver & Rio Grande narrow-gauge railroad, crossing its track leading to its coal mines in a bank in sight to our left, and reached Trinidad, six miles farther.

Trinidad is a pretty town of some 3,000 in a gorge of the foot-hills of the mountains, with its residence adorning the slopes...a trading point of a large territory of stockmen. Its principal industry is the coal mining. Ex Saint joined him there. They went south to Las Vegas, the first 14 miles going up the winding gorges in the ascent of the Raton mountains, at the top of which is the famous tunnel which now supercedes the equally famous switch-back which was in use in raising the trains over the summit ridge while the work of excavating the tunnel was progressing. They arrived at Las Vegas Monday morning, the 9th, and found a two-story adobe hotel with neat, well-furnished, excellent rooms...took in town and also Hot Springs, six miles to the northwest in a mountain gorge. Said the Springs was almost complete...had a large and elegant hotel, mostly stone, in progress. The bath house was almost completed...30 bath-rooms. “We took a hot bath and found the spring water very much too hot for us until tempered down with cold water. There are in a cluster 22 of these hot springs, 13 of which are already improved and used to supply the bath-house with water, each of somewhat different mineral properties. Sulphur is readily detected in these waters but other minerals are not so readily apparent. The water is perfectly clear.”
“Old Las Vegas is quite a city. Its buildings are quaint, being nearly all adobe, which looks very cheap and primitive to a Kansan, but some of them are highly finished and well furnished. They are mostly one-story, but a few of them have two and even more stories. The cathedral is a large structure of cut-stone, and presents a very imposing appearance. A Mexican bridal party was just leaving the chapel. Here we found John Roberts, who married into the Cochran family at Winfield, sick with measles. He was in a comfortable ranche, and had good attention. We had a visit from Mr. Morley and lady, who are now living at Las Vegas. Mr. Morley is the trusted engineer of the Santa Fe railroad.”
They left on Tuesday morning on the freight and construction train for Santa Fe. They observed steam saw-mills in operation, sawed lumber piled up beside the track. “The railroad grade in many places was very steep, and the track quite crooked, winding around hills and ravines, and through deep and rocky cuts. At one part of the route the road passes down a deep, winding, rock gorge for several miles at a very steep grade, which altogether looked frightful. We arrived at Gallisteo, the point of junction of the Santa Fe branch with the main line of railroad at 1 p.m. The branch was completed 18 miles directly north to Santa Fe, but no train was yet running on this branch, so we had to take a hack to Santa Fe, where we arrived at 5 o’clock, and put up at the Exchange Hotel, which is said to be the only hotel in the place where good accommodations can be had!

“This is a good hotel, well kept on American princi­ples by a Mrs. Davis, the widow of an army surgeon of consider­able note. This hotel is worthy of a description, as being a good sample of the better class of New Mexican architecture. It is of one rather high story, occupying a block about 200 feet square; the walls are of adobe, a kind of brick of mud and gravel dried in the sun, but which would undoubtedly be washed down very soon if exposed to heavy rains. This wall is built around the square and another wall at a distance of 18 feet within the square is built parallel to the outer wall. The space between these two walls is divided into rooms about 18 feet square. An open court is left in the center of the block, which is cut in two directions by similar walls enclosng similar rooms. The space between any two parallel walls is regularly 18 feet, which constitutes the width of the rooms, but the length of the rooms varies from 15 to 40 feet. Each room has two doors, one opening into the street, and the other into the central area. Each room has one window, sometimes in the wall next the street, and sometimes in the roof. This being a first-class building, the walls are plastered outside and inside, good, smooth, strong joists are placed across from wall to wall overhead, and are covered with good boards, planed side down, which show in the room overhead. On these boards is piled the earth which constitutes the roof of the building. The rooms are papered and carpeted and furnished in modern style. They are easily kept warm in the cold weather, and said to be quite cool in hot weather. Outside the walls are plain and bare. All that is attractive is inside the walls.
“Some of the large stores and business houses are built in this style, and some of the private houses, built in this style, are furnished as richly as the best houses in Kansas. The great mass of buildings, and there are many hundreds of them, are not plastered outside or in, and look as unsightly as a sod fence, and look much like one.
“There are a few new buildings made of brick or stone with tin or shingle roofs, and in American style, but these are the exceptions. These are occupied by army officers, civil officers of the U. S., and others.
“We visited one two-story building, which is said to be the most ancient within the boundaries of the United States. When the Spaniards first visited this country in 1588 this building was very old, and tradition among the natives gave it a very much older date. It is believed to have stood six hundred years. The doors were holes in the wall about three and a half feet high, and the windows were little holes in the wall about a foot square.
“We visited one church which was completed in 1711. It is yet occupied, and was filled with pictures and statues of saints and scenes of Bible times, with the usual amount of paraphernalia connected with the Catholic ritual.
“There are several of these old churches, and there has been in progress of erection for several years a magnificent cathedral of cut-stone masonry, which, when completed, will have cost $100,000 and will be one of the finest and largest in America. A new college of San Miguel is a fine modern building of cut stone.
“Santa Fe is located near the foot of a range of mountains on the west side, about 20 miles east of the Rio Grande, on a high slope among the mesa, or foot hills. The surrrounding ridges, slopes, and plains are barren except where made produc­tive by irrigation; the ground is bare or only slightly covered with a very thin and short grass. In summer, and even in spring and fall, the surface gets very hot, which prevents rain, and the nights are always cold before morning. The slopes and benches are well dotted with dwarf pines and cedars, and the mountains have considerable forests of pines, furnishing plenty of material for building and fuel.
“It is amusing to see those little burros, which if their ears were taken off, would look hardly larger than sheep, come in loaded with great bundles of pine firewood strapped over their backs. These burros are the principle teams of the natives. Few horses, mules, or wagons are seen. The natives plow with a forked stick, and everything else is yet in the most primitive condition.
“But now is about the last chance to see this country in its present condition. The completion of the Santa Fe railroad will soon revolutionize the whole country, and a new civilization will be built over the ruins of the old. The sulky plow will soon supercede the forked stick, the mules and wagon will take the place of the burro, and lumber, brick, and stone will take the place of mud for building material. But the main rush will be to the mines, and those will stimulate the rude agriculture and mechanical arts of the natives.

“Santa Fe is the capital of the territory of New Mexico, and being much the largest town, we have described it more particu­larly, which description, on a smaller scale, will answer for almost any other town in the territory, except as Santa Fe is changed by being the seat of government.
“The territorial legislature was in session, and we visited both houses. The lower house was mainly made up of native representatives, and its deliberations were conducted in Spanish with an English interpreter. These men were bright and active, and many of them were first-class orators, if we might judge by their graceful and vehement gestures and flow of language. The council was made up largely of active and able Americans. The U. S. Court was in session, and some important cases were on trial.
“We met many of the officers of the territory, by whom we were treated with great courtesy, and from whom we received valuable information. Our thanks are specially due to the Governor, Gen. Lew Wallace; to H. M. Atkinson, Surveyor-General, and Judge Sidney Barnes, District Attorney, for their kind attentions. We met Ex-Governor Geo. T. Anthony here, he having been here for the last few months in the interest of the Santa Fe road. We also met Mrs. Anthony, now here on a short visit. Among gentlemen from whom we received valuable courtesies, was Maj. Finley, of Emporia; who had been in the country a few weeks, and had learned the ropes. We met many old friends from other states who were here prospecting. We must not forget to acknowl­edge the very kind attentions of Miss Sue Barnes, daughter of the District Attorney and sister of Judge Campbell, and of Miss Davis, of the hotel.
“The weather, since we approached the mountains, has been dry and quite cold until yesterday, when we had a severe snow storm. A person needs plenty of warm clothing to keep him comfortable out of doors. Today we start our wives homeward and ourselves down the Rio Grande to visit the various mines among the mountains to the east and to the west of that river, of which we cannot write until another time. So we close, and send this in by Mrs. M.” SANTA FE, N. M., Feb. 13, 1880.
Winfield Courier, March 25, 1880.
Ex. Saint returned from New Mexico last week.
Saint becomes a reporter for Winfield Courier...
[VISIT TO MEDICINE LODGE BY WINFIELD PEOPLE.]
Winfield Courier, April 1, 1880.
Major Thompson, J. E. Saint, and Geo. Gulley, of Winfield, made a pleasant call yesterday and took a look over our city. Mr. Saint is one of the reportorial staff of the Courier, one of the most enterprising journals in the state. Mr. Thompson purchased the corner lot opposite the Medicine Lodge Hotel, of A. W. Little, and will begin the erection of a brick building on the same in a few weeks. Medicine Lodge Cresset.
Saint becomes employee of Ridenour, Baker & Co., of Kansas City...
Winfield Courier, June 10, 1880.
Ex Saint will start for New Mexico soon, in the interests of Ridenour, Baker & Co., of Kansas City, in a few days.
Mrs. Ada Saint and two children start on railroad trip to Las Vegas, New Mexico. They are joined by J. E. Saint at Trinidad, Colorado. Trip eventful due to washout on railroad track...

Winfield Courier, July 29, 1880.
Mrs. Ada Saint and two children left last week for Las Vegas, New Mexico. Her husband, Ex., joined her at Trinidad and they proceeded; but before reaching Las Vegas, the train was stopped by a wash out. The impassible gap in the road was about twenty miles. The train backed up the road and the Saints went to Raton and there awaited the repairs to the road that they might proceed.
[RAILROAD IN NEW MEXICO: REPORT FROM MRS. ADA SAINT.]
Winfield Courier, August 5, 1880.
Mrs. Ada Saint, writing from Las Vegas, New Mexico, gives an interesting account of the time she had in getting there, from which we extract the following.
“Talk about this being a dry country. When I left Newton it was raining, and has rained most of the time since. I arrived at Trinidad at 4 o’clock the next morning, and there Ex came on board and found me asleep. We took breakfast at Raton and the train went on as far as Tipton, where the telegraph reported washouts ahead. Tipton is a board with the name on it and a telegraph box. Here we remained until late dinner time, when the train went back to Raton for dinner. We put up at the hotel. The landlord treated us splendidly, gave us his best room, the best seats at the table, and personally attended to our wants.
“Next morning (Thursday) another train arrived from the east, bringing Mrs. T. A. Wilkinson and her children. In the evening T. A. came down from Springer and met his family here. Next morning we went forward again in the train. At Springer, T. A. and family stopped off. Mrs. Wilkinson had a coal oil stove with her and did her own cooking. We got to Tipton again about noon, where orders to stop were received, and we waited on the train until night without dinner and had a lunch for the chil­dren. The train then backed to Wagon Mound, the next station, for supper. We were not expected and no supper was prepared. While waiting the train had orders to go on again, and we were so  anxious to get ahead that we were willing to give up the supper and start at once. We had not moved forward more than a mile when we came to a bridge over a creek bed, which was perfectly dry when we crossed it less than an hour before, but we found it now a big river swelled so as to submerge the bridge and track out of sight, and we could not tell whether it was a wash-out or not. I never saw or heard of such a thing before. The water rushed and roared so we could hardly hear each other’s voices.
“We waited over an hour, when the water had subsided so that we could see the track, and the train then moved over safely, though we thought it very risky. We reached Tipton again and there the train got orders to stop overnight and then go back to Wagon Mound for breakfast; for, as the dispatch said, all the work just done to repair the wash-out in Moro Canon had been washed out again. It rained heavily all night.
“In the morning, when the train was about to move back to Wagon Mound, we heard that the track had washed out a mile or two back. The engineer went back with his engine to examine, and when he got there, found it true; and in attempting to return, found another wash-out between his engine and his train so that he could not get out either way, and we were without an engine and remained there on the train all day, living in the Tanner style.

“Finally the track was repaired between us and Wagon Mound and we got back there, where we stayed two days and devoured every edible about the place, climbed mountains, visited adobe houses, and had a gay time generally.
“The train then was finally ordered back to Springer, where we arrived Sunday night. Here we met Bert Crapster; I suppose he has told you about it. Sunday night was an awful time. The passenger cars in the train were two common cars and two sleep­ers. Nearly all the men on the two common cars and some on the sleepers were out in town and got on a big drunk and came noisily back to the train toward morning. Monday night the town was out of beer, but there was a freight car on the track loaded with kegs of beer. The crowd selected a number of men who pretended to be tramps and broke into the beer car; and then there was another big drunk. There were two or three who belonged to our sleeper. The conductor refused to let them come into the car in that condition; but they drew their pistols and secured their entrance. They made an awful racket and I was nearly scared to death.
“On Tuesday evening the train was ordered forward to Moro Canon, where the passengers would be transferred. We arrived at the canon about dark and had to walk a quarter of a mile and cross the river on a foot bridge. The walking was good. Ex carried Rene (Irene) over and the porter carried Jesse (Jessie). Here we met the Rev. J. E. Platter. (He promised to tell you about it.)  It took a long time to get the baggage all transferred, as it had to be carried by men across the foot bridge; but at last it was over, and we arrived here at Las Vegas at two o’clock in the night. Here the train not being expected, all was quiet and we started to walk to the nearest hotel; but meeting a carriage, we took possession, went to the old town, and put up at the Summer House. On the whole I have enjoyed all this very much. The railroad employees have been very kind and helpful.”
J. E. Saint: Socorro, New Mexico...
Winfield Courier, September 23, 1880.
Ex Saint has sent us from Socorro, New Mexico, a basket of grapes of that country. They are not large, but are the most delicious we have tasted.
Mrs. Saint and children return from Las Vegas and Santa Fe, New Mexico...
Winfield Courier, September 30, 1880.
Mrs. J. E. Saint and children arrived Wednesday morning from Las Vegas and Santa Fe, New Mexico, where they have spent the past two months. They are in excellent health and spirits, and seem to have enjoyed the visit immensely.
Winfield Courier, October 28, 1880.
Ex Saint will be home from New Mexico in time to vote.
Winfield Courier, November 18, 1880.
Ex Saint returned Saturday from Kansas City, where he had been spending a week, posting up. He remained in Winfield until Monday evening, when he started again for New Mexico, where he has worked up a very large trade.
Winfield Courier, November 25, 1880.

When Ex Saint was en route to New Mexico last week, Wednes­day, he called on Mr. and Mrs. T. A. Wilkinson, at La Junta. Mrs. Wilkinson was sick of the place and did not like her sur­roundings. It was snowing so the train was provided with two engines and twenty shovelers. About half way to Trinidad the train plunged into a long cut filled with snow, and “stuck.” The east bound train was four miles ahead, “stuck” also. The shovelers succeeded in cutting a passage through in a few hours. At Trinidad he met J. P. McMillen, who was temporarily selling goods for a Chicago house. Mac goes on to New Mexico with Ex.
Winfield Courier, January 20, 1881.
J. Ex Saint came in from New Mexico last Saturday in good condition. He has sold 625,000 pounds of Kansas flour and a proportionate amount of mixed groceries since the November election.
Mr. & Mrs. J. E. Saint have a third child: another girl. He leaves for Raton, N. M.
Winfield Courier, January 27, 1881.
Mrs. J. Ex Saint has presented her husband with another girl. This makes three and Ex is smiling and happy.
[THE MONITOR’S LOCALS.]
Winfield Courier, January 27, 1881.
Ex. Saint is at home after a very successful trip. He has been absent since November, and sold immense quantities of flour and groceries.
Winfield Courier, January 27, 1881.
Ex Saint left on Tuesday evening for Raton, New Mexico.
[THE MONITOR’S LOCALS.]
Winfield Courier, February 3, 1881.
No wonder Ex. Saint came home. It is a girl, and number three.
Winfield Courier, March 10, 1881.
Ex. Saint returned from New Mexico Friday.
Saint still with Ridenour, Baker & Co., of Kansas City: report from Las Vegas...
Winfield Courier, March 31, 1881.
Joe E. Saint, with Ridenour, Baker & Co., of Kansas City, one of the hardest working men on the road, has returned from a trip to Winfield, Kansas. Las Vegas Optic.
Saint home has fire: brother-in-law John Moffitt extinguishes flames...
Winfield Courier, April 7, 1881.
Mrs. Saint had a little scare on Tuesday morning. Smoke was discovered coming into the room from the walls of her house, and investigation disclosed a fire within the walls, extending from the base up between the studs and rafters entirely to the top of the roof. John Moffitt was called, and with three other men who happened along, cut holes in the siding and roof and with water extinguished the flames. It was a close call. The fire origi­nated in some ashes which the girl had thrown out close to the house, and which had not been observed by Mrs. Saint.
Saint arrives from New Mexico: making plans to move family to Las Vegas...
Winfield Courier, June 23, 1881.
J. Ex Saint arrived from New Mexico last Tuesday. He reports his business as very successful, and will now move his family to Las Vegas so that he can be with them often.
The family of Lemmon & Kate Millington start trip with Saints to Las Vegas...
Children: Irene, Jessie, and Louise Saint...
Winfield Courier, June 30, 1881.

A. B. Lemmon and wife and children, Bertie, Allie, and Fred Lemmon, Ex Saint and wife, and Misses Irene, Jessie, and Louise Saint, and Miss Kate Millington left on Wednesday’s train. Mr. Lemmon and family will stop at Newton and Mr. Saint and family and Miss Kate Millington go to Las Vegas, New Mexico. This makes quite a vacancy in the senior editor’s family.
Winfield Courier, August 25, 1881.
A Partial List of our People Who are not at Home.
Miss Kate Millington is spending the summer at Las Vegas, New Mexico.
Ex Saint represents Ridenour, Baker & Co. in Colorado and New Mexico, with head-quarters at Las Vegas, where his family is temporarily quartered.
Winfield Courier, October 27, 1881.
Col. M. L. Robinson returned from California with his wife and boys last Monday. He is looking bright and healthy, and says he has had a grand time. We interviewed him, but he did not dwell on the glorious climate and productions of California. After mentioning that he saw our Kate and Ex Saint looking and felling well at Las Vegas, on his way home, he filled up his interview in an enthusiastic description of his twelve mines, his 640 acres of land just entered, and the great city of Robinson, which is being built thereon, right in the midst of the Black Range mining country in New Mexico.
When he was going out, he went to the Black Range country and secured his twelve mines, then to make his mines more acces­sible and valuable, he found in the forks of two beautiful mountain streams a beautiful and fertile mountain valley, right in the pass where everybody must travel from anywhere to every­where else, where every railroad must cross, and laid a claim to 640 acres. He then formed a town company consisting of railroad and New Mexico capitalists and laid out the city of Robinson. He then entered his 640 acres of land, left his city and his mines in the hands of his colleagues, took steps to have two railroads surveyed to his city, and then went to California and made his visit. On his return he found six good buildings completed in Robinson and fifteen more under contract, and a great rush for building lots. It is already becoming the center of trade to a large and rich mining district, with mines all around from two to ten miles distant. The A. T. & S. F. Railroad Co. have surveyed a route from Socorro to Robinson and are about entering upon the work of construction. The N. M. Central and Southern have also projected a road that will reach this town in a few months. Verily with his town and his mines he must soon become a million­aire.
We have been seeing in the papers glowing notices of the new town of Robinson, and of the Black Range mines; but did not know that M. L. Robinson had anything to do with it. These notices confirm all the good things M. L. says about it and the mining prospects, and more too. The Socorro papers are voluminous about them and we intended to make some extracts, but we have already made this notice longer than we intended. We are going up there to jump his townsite.
Winfield Courier, December 15, 1881.
Ex. Saint and family are coming home to Winfield to spend Christmas.
Cowley County Courant, December 22, 1881.
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Saint and Miss Kate Millington will be home from New Mexico to spend Christmas with the “old folks.”
Cowley County Courant, December 22, 1881.

J. E. Saint, traveling for Ridenour, Baker & Co., has resigned his position and will move his family to Winfield, Kansas. Joe has been working hard and desires to live an easy life until spring. Las Vegas Optic.
All right, Ex; come ahead, we’ll make it easy for you.
[MASQUERADE BALL.]
Cowley County Courant, January 5, 1882.
The much expected and long           [part of article miss­ing] of masquerade came off Friday evening and was a grand and perfect          . There were at least one hundred             on the floor and the rear seats of the hall were crowded with visitors         jollier and happier crowd has never assembled in Winfield since the first country hoe-down in the “old log store.” The beauty and chivalry of the city were there, the lights were good, the music was excellent, everybody was good natured, the ushers were obliging, the door-keepers were careful, the floor managers were watchful and active, and the whole hall was conducted without clash or discord, and fully met the expec­tations of those who had anticipated a first-class ball, and a lively, happy time. There were many rich and beautiful costumes, and many ludicrous representations that kept the visitors contin­ually interested and overflowing with laughter.
The general march commenced at 8:30 o’clock with 41 couples on the floor, and formed a brilliant procession striking in its comic effect. Beautiful and rich costumes glittering with gold and silver trimmings, dukes and kings, knights and ladies, Indians, negroes, harlequins, grotesque figures, all commingled in one strange and startling crowd.
At 11 o’clock the command was given to form in procession for a march, a grand circle was formed in the hall, the order to face in was given, followed by the order to unmask, and for the first time the parties knew each other, face to face. The ejaculations of surprise, the mutual exclamations of “Well, I declare! Is that you?” attested the excellent manner in which the disguises were gotten up.
At twelve o’clock the hall was deserted for supper, after which the dancing was resumed until the—well, that is—the wee—or rather—oh, what’s the difference?—”until the wee sma’ hours,” according to Hoyle, when everybody went home, rather broke up for the next day, but having had a glorious, happy time. The names and characters of those participating we give as follows as near as we could find out, with running comments.
Miss Jessie Millington, queen of hearts, very pretty.
Mrs. J. E. Saint, Mother Hubbard, unique and a perfect disguise.
Saint again working for Ridenour & Baker for another year: $3,000 & expenses...
Winfield Courier, January 12, 1882.
J. Ex. Saint has engaged himself with Ridenour & Baker, of Kansas City, for another year for three thousand dollars and his expenses, and will return to his field in New Mexico with his family.
Winfield Courier, January 19, 1882.
Ex Saint went west Saturday.
Winfield Courier, February 2, 1882.
Wanted. A girl to go to New Mexico with a small family and do general housework. Apply immediately to Mrs. Saint, at Mrs. Millington’s.
Winfield Courier, February 16, 1882.

Mrs. J. E. Saint and family start for Las Vegas, New Mexico, this Thursday afternoon, after making a two months’ visit in Winfield.
Winfield Courier, February 16, 1882.
Mrs. Saint leaves for Las Vegas today. She entertained a party of friends Tuesday evening.
[A TRIP TO THE MOUNTAINS: “J. K.” — JAMES KELLY.]
Cowley County Courant, April 6, 1882.
RECAP: Took Santa Fe train Feb. 8, 1882, with Conductor Miller in charge from Winfield. Stayed all night at Newton, then took the morning train for Las Vegas, New Mexico....first stop, Trinidad, Colorado. From Trinidad south the grade rises very rapidly, and I am told that it is one of the most interesting pieces of a road in the whole country...traveled at night...he could not see anything. Had breakfast at Raton...train then went downhill all the way to the south line of the territory, Las Vegas, being the objective point...took in the famed hot springs six miles from Vegas, at the foot of the Galinas mountains...the Santa Fe was in process of laying a track there. The Cormorants. Here he met several Winfield boys: J. E. Saint, Levi Seabridge, John Capps, Clarke Phelps, Val. Laubner, several others. He visited Santa Fe road headquarters, observed boxes marked “Return to A. T. Spotswood & Co.” and J. P. Baden, Winfield, Kansas.” He was told that these two firms shipped more produce into that territory than any other dozen firms in Kansas. Next trip was made to Socorro, 125 miles south...most structures were dobe, which was sun-dried brick: ground is plowed, then with an ordinary road-scraper it is scraped together in heaps, like hay cocks, and allowed to stand and take the weather for some weeks, the longer the better it is said. Then mixed with water and a stiff mortar is made, when it is moulded into ordinary sized bricks, spread out and dried in the sun. In the wall the brick is laid in mortar of the same stuff. “This dobe is said to last always, and I have no reason to doubt it, for the Catholic church at Socorro is said to be over 200 years old, and it is as sound now as ever, and bids fair to stand 500 years more. The same characteristics obtain here that is found at Las Vegas; only more so. Plenty saloons, gambling, and dance houses, etc. Cowboy, blowhard, no shoot again, unless it be in a drunken brawl. Another curious feature of the place is, that there is no moder­ate dram drinkers. Those who drink at all, do so with all their might, while he who doesn’t want to go to the dogs must let it strictly alone.”

He goes on to say that at Socorro he met several Cowley County friends: Dr. H. C. Holland, A. J. Rex, and G. W. Ballou and son, Frank. “These gentlemen are doing first rate in their respective callings. Dr. Holland is having a good practice, George Ballou is dealing in mining stocks, and A. J. Rex is working at his trade and watching his mining interests. Mr. Rex owns several ‘prospects’ or ‘leads,’ specimens of which he gave me. His claims are said, by experts, to be worth a good many thousand dollars. On the second day after my arrival at Socorro I was taken violently sick with erysipelas in my face and head accompanied with typhus fever, and the next two weeks are blank. To Dr. Holland, at whose house I lay, and to his estimable wife, and A. J. Rex, I am under many and lasting obligations for their great kindness and assiduous care. The morning of the 11th of March I was able to get aboard the train, and right gladly did I turn my face Winfield-ward, arriving home on the 13th inst. But being illy able to stand the journey, it sent me to bed another two weeks. But thanks to the skill of Dr. Emerson and the kindness of other good friends, I am able to finish this desultory letter begun several weeks ago. J. K.
NOTE: IN A LATER “PERSONAL” IT TURNS OUT THIS IS JAMES KELLY.
[DECEASED: JESSIE SAINT.]
Winfield Courier, April 27, 1882.
DIED. Mrs. D. A. Millington started for Las Vegas, New Mexico, last Friday on receipt of a telegram announcing the dangerous illness of her little granddaughter, Jessie, child of Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Saint. She arrived at Las Vegas Sunday. Little Jessie died on Monday morning. She was a bright, lovely, and loving child and leaves an aching void in many hearts.
Winfield Courier, May 18, 1882.
Mrs. Millington returned from Las Vegas, New Mexico, last Friday morning. She was accompanied by her daughter, Mrs. J. E. Saint and children, who will remain five or six weeks in this city.
Winfield Courier, January 4, 1883.
What Our People Did During the Holidays.
Mrs. J. E. Saint and her little girls, Irene and Louise, came in from Albuquerque before Christmas and will remain two months.
Winfield Courier, March 15, 1883.
J. Ex. Saint arrived Wednesday from New Mexico. His family have been here for two months past.
Winfield Courier, March 22, 1883.
D. A. Millington and family entertained a large party of friends at their residence Friday evening. The gathering was in honor of Frank and Mrs. Baldwin and J. Ex. Saint and family. Mr. A. B. Lemmon and family were also present. It was a complete family reunion of fourteen. About forty couples were present. The evening was most enjoyably spent.
Saint now at Albuquerque, N. M., mercantile business, $200,000 a year...
[EDITORIAL EXCURSION TO MEXICO.]
Winfield Courier, May 24, 1883. Editorial by Ed Greer.
Something of the Tour. After a delightful trip of over three thousand miles, through mountains, valleys, deserts, far into old Mexico, and extending over twelve days, the writer is once more “at home.” The experience was a strange, novel, and interesting one, and from notes taken at the different places visited, a series of descriptive letters will be published in these columns during the weeks to come.

The party numbered one hundred and sixty newspaper men and their wives, daughters, and invited guests, and a livelier, happier crowd we have never seen together. The special train furnished by the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railroad consisted of three Pullman palace sleeping coaches, two fine day coaches, and a baggage car. The train pulled out of Winfield at eleven o’clock on the evening of the 10th. The first stop was made at Garden City, where the party was met with carriages, wagons, and vehicles of every description, and conveyed to the irrigating ditches, after which a splendid dinner was served in Jones Hall. Irrigation is doing wonders for the country surrounding Garden City. From a dry, barren waste, the country is being fast converted into wonderfully fertile and productive farms. The possibilities of the soil under irrigation seem to be boundless, as the mammoth onions attest. The welcome at Garden City was most hearty and hospitable. The Arkansas River at this place was as dry as Summit Street, in Arkansas City—the sand didn’t even look damp. We heard a citizen applying for the loan of a pitchfork, and explained by saying that he thought he would go fishing. They dig cat fish out of the sand with forks. According to one of the party, if the cat fish were removed and the river irrigated, it might be made very productive. The trip over the dry, arid bunch-grass prairies of Colorado was monotonous and uninteresting. A short stop was made at West Las Animas where the first adobe building was inspected; then on west until the flying train was shrouded in darkness.
On awakening the scene had changed. The Raton mountains were far in the rear, and on either side of the track rose jagged, broken peaks, covered with scanty cedar and pine trees. We were in New Mexico. The night stop was made at Las Vegas. After a few hours spent in the new and old towns, the train was taken up to the Hot Springs over a branch six miles long, where, nestling in a valley among the mountains, is the Montezuma Hotel, one of the largest frame buildings in America, and decidedly the handsomest. The scenery surrounding this place is very fine, and every effort is being made to beautify and improve the grounds. They have parks and trees, and drives up the canon. An immense bath house, large numbers of villas, club houses, livery stables, and burro dens go to make up a very pleasant little community. If anyone is suffering from plethorism of the pocket-book, he should take it to Las Vegas Hot Springs. One buggy ride, two glasses of native beer, and a shave will cure it. However, we can imagine no pleasanter, more healthful place to spend a month. In the evening a very pleasant dancing party was given in honor of the guests.
From Las Vegas to Santa Fe, the road runs through a very interesting country. On the left is a very peculiar mountain rising up out of the plain and surmounted by a wall of perpendicular rock. On top of the mountain are two large crosses, placed there by the Mexicans. It is called Starvation Peak, the Indians having long years ago driven a party of two or three hundred Mexicans to the top of this mountain and held them there until all died of starvation and thirst. The crosses were up to commemorate the spot. Farther up the road passes the old Pecos church, supposed to have been built by the Aztecs sometime in the fifteenth century. All around it lie the ruins of an old Indian Pueblo, which must have contained ten or fifteen thousand people. One of the old Indian traditions of the place is that from there Montezuma started south riding on an eagle to found his famous empire of the south. The old city of Santa Fe was reached at noon, and at evening the train pulled out for El Paso, the gateway of Mexico, which was passed at noon of the following day, and at seven o’clock of Monday evening, four days out from Winfield, the city of Chihuahua was reached. Twenty-four hours spent here were the most interesting of the trip.

The return journey was made without stop until Albuquerque was reached. This is the best town in New Mexico. It is distinctively a Kansas town. Kansas men are everywhere and Kansas enterprise is noticeable in the very air. Winfield is well represented. John Lee is running a big lumber yard. Ex Saint is doing a mercantile business of two hundred thousand dollars a year and is fast outrunning all his competitors. By. Terrill and Parker are running a big saloon and By. is proprietor of numerous stage and mail routes. John McDonald and his father are running a blacksmith shop, and McMasters, another Winfield man, is dealing in malt and spirituous beverages. Lloyd Hope is also there helping his father run a big hotel. A Kansas man is postmaster, and Kansas men hold a majority of the offices. Of course, under such circumstances, the party were magnificently treated. They were wined and dined, danced, and carried about the city, and every attention bestowed that Kansas ingenuity could conceive or willing hands execute. The stay in Albuquerque will be remembered as the pleasantest on the trip.
As the foreman is looking up the forms, our readers will be inflicted with another chapter next week. There is still a thousand miles to cover.
Greer dines at residence of Saint. J. E. Saint & Co., a wholesale & retail grocery establishment at Albuquerque, doing well...
[ALBUQUERQUE.]
Winfield Courier, June 7, 1883. [Editorial by Greer.]
The Two Albuquerques.
Albuquerque comprises two towns—the old and new. The new town is one of the prodigies of western growth. A little over two years ago it was a barren waste of mesa and sage brush. Today it is a fine city of five thousand population, with wide streets, lined with magnificent brick blocks, has three daily papers, water works, gas, and street cars. It is the best town on the Santa Fe road from Topeka to Chihuahua, and displays more hustle, life, and business activity than all the towns we passed through in New Mexico put together. We account for its remarkable growth and prosperity by the fact that it is a “Kansas town,” settled and largely populated by “formerly of Kansas” men. They hold the offices and do the business, and it is popularly supposed that the Justices of the Peace have to take an oath to support the Constitution of the State of Kansas.
It was a good deal like getting home when the train rolled into the depot and found a hundred carriages manned by two hundred Kansas fellows waiting to meet the excursionists. Everyone had friends there and in a few minutes were whirled away, leaving the Pullman coaches deserted, for the first time during the trip. We had hardly touched the platform before we were seized by Ex-Saint, taken to a carriage, and, together with W. M. Allison and wife, conveyed to his residence, where a splendid dinner was awaiting us. After eight days out, part of the time subsisting on the Mexican diet of red pepper and olive oil, it was like dropping into paradise as we feasted on strawberries and cream and all the delicacies provided. And last, but not least, were bright little golden haired Irene and Louise, the former questioning sorrowfully, “Why didn’t ’ou bwing my gwanpa?” Our short stay with Mr. and Mrs. Saint was one of the pleasantest events of the trip.
After dinner we were conducted through the wholesale and retail establishment of J. E. Saint & Co. It is a big institution and the firm does business on a scale that would lay most of our brag Kansas stores way in the shade. In the hour we were there, the senior member of the firm purchased two car loads of goods from a St. Louis drummer, loaded a lot of truck for shipment to Arizona, took in two car loads of potatoes, and had ten men buying and selling when we left. It takes life, energy, and business ability to keep at the head of the procession in Albuquerque, and Ex seems to have a surplus of all.

In the evening a grand ball and banquet was given in honor of the visitors, and here the youth and beauty of the city congregated. It was a delightful party and settled the question in our mind that Albuquerque, socially, is distinctively Kansas.
At no place in New Mexico is the contrast between the old and the new so noticeable as at Albuquerque. The new town is distinctively new, the old town distinctively old. The two are a mile apart and connected by a street car line. Here one can go from a two year old to a two hundred year old in ten minutes. The new town is all bustle and activity—the old is quiet, crooked, and lies low along the bank of the Rio Grande. Here as in all Mexican towns, the “cathedral” is the center around which everything seems to revolve. The oldest building is always a church, and the old churches are filled with the most hideous wooden images, supposed to represent the suffering of Christ on the cross. They are painfully distorted, these images, and we could hardly keep from turning away from them with a shudder. In one of the old churches at Santa Fe, in a niche in the wall, was a glass case, in which was enclosed a wax figure draped in burial robes. It was horribly real, and how these people can find consolation for the soul in looking at such things is more than we can tell.
When a person has seen one adobe town, he has seen them all. They look old when they go up, and grow no older in appearance after two or three centuries. Old Albuquerque has more of the pillared porches than Santa Fe, and the town looks cleaner. In one of these buildings, the United States Court was in session. There was a mixed jury of Mexicans and whites, but the lawyers were all Americans. No Mexican can compete with the average Kansas lawyer, unless he has a jaw like a swordfish and a head like a Chihuahua gourd.
One of the most interesting features of the old town is the Indian school. Here are gathered together a hundred little Indian boys and girls, most of them Pueblos, but a few Apaches. The school is nominally under the control of the Presbyterian Board of Missions, but is also a Government boarding school for young Indians; the Government of the United States paying $125 per annum toward the maintenance and education of each pupil. They are taught Arithmetic, writing, and spelling, and are apt pupils. They sing well and rendered the chorus of “Sweet Bye and Bye,” with a good deal of force. They are swaddled up in breeches and petticoats and don’t resemble our youthful picture of the “little injun” running wild any more than a postage stamp resembles the moon. We had rather see them chasing dogs in their native garb of flour sacks than chasing ideas in a second-hand coat and a pair of “galluses.” The young lady teachers seem to take great interest in the work and in exhibiting their little copper-colored charges.
Water is a powerful factor in old Albuquerque. The brick-dust looking soil, when properly irrigated, produces luxuriantly, and so we find the ascequas running all over and around the town, carrying the muddy-looking water, taken from the Rio Grande miles above, and spreading it over the fields and vineyards at the owner’s will. In this country every farmer carries the rain in the hollow of his hand and floods his garden any time. All he needs is a hoe. The ascequas have a permanent and undisputed right of way. They will disappear under the wall of a house, reappear on the other side, and go flowing smoothly on to the next field.
We found so much that was strange and interesting in the old town that the afternoon and most of the evening passed by unheeded until the shrill whistle of a locomotive reminded us that it was the evening set for our departure, so we hurried back, and without time to hunt up the friends and bid them good-bye, were whirled away into the night toward home.

[ALBUQUERQUE: ARTICLE BY W. M. ALLISON.]
Winfield Courier, June 28, 1883.
WINFIELDITES AT ALBUQUERQUE.
We have to thank W. M. Allison of the Wellingtonian for the following kind notice of  our “children” at Albuquerque.
“Ninety-four miles run from Socorro brought us to Albuquerque, where was found the platform filled with formerly Kansas people, who were looking for acquaintances in the party whom they hoped to entertain. It was the lot of the writer and wife along with E. P. Greer, of Winfield, to be taken under the protecting care of Mr. J. E. Saint, an old Winfield boy, who was waiting with the carriage ready to convey us to his pleasant little home where his wife—daughter of Father Millington of the Winfield Courier—greeted us with hospitality beaming all over her face. Mr. Saint is engaged in the wholesale grocery business and has a large thriving trade. They carry a large stock and cash every pound of their goods every twenty days. They have been engaged in the business only some nine months and yet their sales had amounted to something like one hundred and eighty thousand dollars. And all the Kansans reported they were doing an excellent business in the various lines in which they are engaged, and we believe them because Albuquerque shows more ‘git up and git’ than any other town in the territory. It showed more stir and enterprise and was livelier than any other town we visited in the territory. Its growth has been marvelous.”
Winfield Courier, August 9, 1883.
Mrs. D. A. Millington left yesterday for Albuquerque, New Mexico, to visit her daughter, Mrs. Saint.
Winfield Courier, February 7, 1884.
Mr. E. S. Bliss has just returned from his second trip through New Mexico in the interest of The Winfield Roller Mills. He put Winfield Roller Flour in almost every railroad town in New Mexico. He met several Winfield people, among whom he mentions Mr. A. J. Rex, at Raton; J. E. Saint and W. M. Allison, at Albuquerque; and H. C. Robinson, at El Paso. All are in good health and prospering. Mr. Robinson seemed very much pleased to see anyone from Winfield and sends regards to his many friends here. He is in government service in the Custom House.
Winfield Courier, March 20, 1884.
The editor and family are happy in the advent of three of the Saint branch of the family from Albuquerque, New Mexico. Mrs. Saint and her two little girls will remain several weeks.
Saint and his partner, Cleland, get 30 years’ lease, Acoma Indian Reservation...
Winfield Courier, April 17, 1884.
A BIG THING.
The Grocery Firm of Saint & Cleland, the Lucky Possessors, A Thirty Years’ Lease of the Acoma Indian Reservation.

“One of the most important land transactions, which has ever taken place in the Territory, was concluded yesterday, by which Messrs. Saint & Cleland, of this city, became the lessees of the entire Acoma Indian reservation or grant. This reservation is some eighty miles west of Albuquerque on the line of the Atlantic & Pacific railroad and consists of somewhat over 95,700 acres of as fine grazing land as there is west of the Rockies, watered by the San Jose River and several small lakes. The terms of the lease secured to them the sole right and possession to these lands for a term of thirty years. The lands on either side of the grant being very poorly watered, the leasing of the grant practically secures to them the grazing lands for miles around, which will equal as many acres as the grant proper. The lease also secures to them the sole right to work a three-foot vein of coal on the grant, while being so much nearer the city than any other coal field, will, of itself, be worth thousands of dollars to them. In the transaction, in addition to becoming the lessees of this grant, they secure a full title to eight hundred acres of fine land adjoining the grant, through which the San Jose River also runs.
“This is certainly the biggest transaction, so far as the amount and value of the land is concerned, that has taken place in New Mexico for many a month. The gentlemen who have become the fortunate possessors of this property, have not as yet fully decided on the course that will be pursued regarding it, but they are both live, wide-awake businessmen, and our readers will hear from them later.
“The Journal congratulates Messrs. Saint & Cleland on their good luck in securing these lands. A thirty-years’ lease is almost as good as owning the lands, and if this lease does not make the gentlemen a princely fortune, it will be their own fault.”
We cut the above from the Albuquerque, New Mexico, Journal of April 10. Our Winfield boy, J. Ex-Saint, is the senior of the said firm of Saint & Cleland. He writes his wife, who is now with us, confirming all that the Journal says, and thinks he has a bonanza sure.
Trip to Chilocco by Mr. & Mrs. W. J. Wilson, Mrs. J. E. Saint, E. H. Nixon and Miss Jessie Millington...
Winfield Courier, May 15, 1884.
Last Sunday was the most perfect of May days, calm, clear, and buoyant, such as only Kansas can supply, and all nature seemed at her loveliest. In consequence, the temptation for a visit to the Chilocco Indian School below Arkansas City was so great as to almost depopulate our city of its society people. Those who yielded to temptation on this occasion were Mayor Emerson and family; Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Albro; Mr. and Mrs. E. F. Blair; Mr. and Mrs. E. F. Nelson; Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Wallis and daughters, Miss Bertha and Birdie; Mr. and Mrs. Beeney; Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Wilson, and Mrs. J. E. Saint; E. H. Nixon and Miss Jessie Millington; M. J. O’Meara and Miss Lizzie Wallis; M. H. Ewart and Miss Margie Wallis; Byron Rudolph and Miss Sadie French; Mr. Walters and Miss Florence Beeney; Joe Finkleburg and Miss Anna Hyde; Fritz Ballein and Miss Nina Anderson. With such a bright and happy crowd, nothing but a most enjoyable trip could be the result. This Indian school is becoming a very popular resort for persons in search of recreation and information.
Winfield Courier, July 17, 1884.
Miss Jessie Millington started Monday for a visit of several months with the Saint family in Albuquerque, New Mexico. J. Ex. Saint and family, with a number of others, have arranged to tent among the Sandia mountains during the month of August, enjoying the balmy atmosphere and romantic scenery.
Saint becomes a “cattle king” in New Mexico on Acoma Reservation. It appears that he is too busy to keep up the “grocery” business...
Winfield Courier, December 11, 1884.

Mr. J. E. Saint came in last Thursday from St. Louis, where he had been attending the big cattle convention. Ex. is now one of the “cattle kings” of New Mexico, being one of a company who control by lease a large Indian reservation there. They have it stocked with thousands of head of cattle. His cattle business, together with the wholesale grocery house in Albuquerque, which he controls, pretty fully occupies his time. While east he negotiated for a sale of his business interests in Albuquerque, however, intending hereafter to devote his exclusive attention to cattle. To sustain the ten cent novel idea of a “cowboy,” we would say that Ex. doesn’t wear that plug hat on the range. He only wears it in consequence of a mistaken idea as to the outcome of the late political contest; or words to that effect.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, January 8, 1885.
On Wednesday evening of last week, Mayor Emerson and lady threw their pleasant home open for the entertainment of invited guests, it being the tenth anniversary of their wedding. Among those present were: Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Robinson, Mr. and Mrs. A. T. Spotswood, Mr. and Mrs. J. S. Mann, Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Baird, Mr. and Mrs. O. Branham, Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Miller, Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Fuller, Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Harter, Mr. and Mrs. L. H. Webb, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Webb, Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Ordway, Mr. and Mrs. H. B. Schuler, Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Williams, Mrs. D. A. Millington, Mrs. J. E. Saint, Mrs. Perkins; Misses Sadie French, Margie Wallis, Jessie Millington, Josie Baird, Nettie McCoy, Anna McCoy, Mattie Harrison of Hannibal, Mo.; Messrs. E. H. Nixon, R. B. Rudolf, M. H. Ewart, M. J. O’Meara, and Ezra Meech. Each bore a token of respect and good will. Under the royal entertainment of Dr. and Mrs. Emerson, all passed the evening most enjoyably and departed with the old year, heartily wishing the “bride and groom” many anniversaries of their wedding, down to the one of diamonds, with its silver tresses.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, January 29, 1885.
The beautiful, commodious home of Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Fuller was the scene of a most pleasant gathering of our young society people on last Thursday evening, the occasion being in honor of Miss Mattie Harrison, a highly accomplished young lady of Hannibal, Mo., who is visiting here. The pleasing entertainment of Mr. and Mrs. Fuller, gracefully assisted by Miss Harrison and other members of the family, banished all restraint and made genuine enjoyment reign supreme. Miss Harrison made a beautiful appearance in a lovely evening costume of white Nuns-veiling, entrain, and a number of elegant toilets were worn by the ladies. Those present were Mayor and Mrs. Emerson, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Webb, Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Cole, and Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Fuller; Mrs. W. J. Wilson and Mrs. J. Ex. Saint; Misses Jessie Millington, Anna Hunt, Nellie Cole, Emma Strong, Jennie Lowry, Hattie Stolp, Mamie Baird, Lena Walrath, Mattie Kinne, Alice Dickie, Maggie Taylor, Sarah Kelly, and Alice Aldrich; Messrs. Ezra Nixon, T. J. Eaton, M. J. O’Meara, M. H. Ewart, Ed. J. McMullen, B. W. Matlack, F. F. Leland, Everett and George Schuler, Lacey Tomlin, James Lorton, Lewis Brown, W. H. Smith, D. E. Kibby, and Frank H. Greer. At the proper hour a splendid repast was spread and received due attention from the joyous crowd. The “light fantastic” keep time to excellent music and the hours flew swiftly by until the happy guests bid adieu to their royal entertainers, feeling delighted with the few hours spent in their pleasant home.
J. E. Saint family living at Acoma Grant (Grants?), New Mexico...

    WINFIELD, COWLEY COUNTY, KANSAS, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1885.
                                                A BRILLIANT WEDDING.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, October 15, 1885.
The Marriage of Mr. Ezra H. Nixon and Miss Jessie Millington Thursday Night.
Thursday night was the occasion of one of the most brilliant weddings in the history of the city, that of Mr. Ezra H. Nixon and Miss Jessie Millington, which took place at the pleasant, commodious home of the bride’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. D. A. Millington. The wide acquaintance and popularity of the contracting parties, with the fact that the bride was the last child of a happy home, made the marriage anticipated with warm interest. The parents had planned a celebration fitting to the departure in marriage of the last and youngest member of their household—the one who was the greatest pride and joy to their ripened years.
Thirteen children and grandchildren were present, including Mr. and Mrs. A. B. Lemmon, of Newton, with their children, Masters Bertie Flint, Allen B., Jr., and Fred and little Miss Mary; Mr. and Mrs. J. Ex Saint, of Acoma Grant, New Mexico, with their little daughters, Irene and Louise; Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Wilson, of this city, and Master Roy. Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Millington, of McCune, Kansas, were also among the relatives present.
THE TOKENS AND DONORS.
Mrs. Millington, bride’s mother, plush rocking chair.
Mr. Samuel Nixon, Utica, Iowa, groom’s father, check for $1,000.
Mr. and Mrs. A. B. Lemmon, Newton, Kansas, bride’s sister, plush reception chair.
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Saint, Grants, New Mexico, bride’s sister, dinner set, decorated china.
Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Wilson, bride’s sister, decorated chamber set.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, October 15, 1885.
J. Ex. Saint came in from New Mexico Wednesday, very unexpectedly. He was on the grand jury and had given up hope of getting off in time to reach Winfield for tonight.
Winfield Courier, Thursday, October 15, 1885.
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Saint left Sunday for Kansas City, from whence Mr. Saint will return to New Mexico and Mrs. Saint will return to Winfield.
Saint has a ranch on the Acoma Land Grant in New Mexico: raises cattle...
Winfield Courier, Thursday, February 4, 1886.
Joe Ex Saint, whom Winfield men well know, writes from his ranch on the Acoma Land Grant in New Mexico that he has not lost an animal out of the 10,000 head of cattle under his charge this winter.
[The above entry was the last one that I found on J. E. Saint and family. MAW]